черника в теплице

This project is located in Penglai District, Yantai City. It is a solar greenhouse planting project with a planting area of ​​25 acres. There are a total of 11 greenhouses, each with a different area. The crop planted is blueberry, which is cultivated using soilless cultivation method. There are a total of 11,000 plants of three varieties.
Head system design: 
It is a direct irrigation mode, the water source is well water, which enters the raw water shield buffer after filtration, passes through the R0 reverse osmosis equipment, and reduces the raw water EC to below 0.2ms/cm. The soilless blueberry special water and fertilizer integrated machine is used as the mixed fertilizer irrigation equipment, with an accuracy of 0.05ms/cm and 7 fertilizer absorption channels, which correspond to 3 different formulas, each formula is 2 fertilizers and 1 acid. The unique formula switching program avoids the influence of each variety formula. According to the water demand calculation, each blueberry plant uses a 4L/H dripper, each dripper is equipped with a four-drop arrow, and a pulse irrigation method is used. The requirement is that all drippers in each greenhouse are turned on and off at the same time. Because there are many varieties of blueberries, a single main pipeline will have nutrient solutions of different formulas, which will affect the growth of blueberries, so a separate pipeline is designed for each greenhouse to avoid the phenomenon of formula doping.
Pruning techniques
1. Pruning of highbush blueberries:
① Pruning during the young tree stage: During this stage, the main purpose is to remove flower buds, with the aim of expanding the crown, increasing the number of branches, and promoting root development. In the spring of the second and third years after planting, weak branches are thinned out. In the third and fourth years, the main purpose is still to expand the crown, but a moderate amount of fruit can be produced. Generally, the yield per plant in the third year should be controlled below 1 kg, with the main purpose of strong branches and fruiting.② Pruning of mature trees: At this time, pruning is mainly to control the height of the tree, improve the light conditions, and mainly thin out branches, remove dense branches, thin and weak branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and root suckers. For varieties with relatively open roots, remove weak branches and keep strong branches; for upright varieties, remove the central trunk, open a skylight, and keep medium branches. The best fruit-bearing age for large branches is 5 to 6 years old. If it exceeds this age, it should be promptly cut back and renewed. Remove the flower buds from weak branches to make them stronger. Adult trees have a large number of flowers, so some flower buds should be cut off, and generally 2 to 3 flower buds should be left on each strong branch.
③ Old tree renewal: After about 25 years of planting, the above-ground part of the tree has aged and needs whole-tree renewal, that is, all the above-ground parts should be sawed off close to the ground, and new branches should sprout from the base.
2. Pruning of lowbush blueberries:
① Fire shearing: burn all the above-ground parts during the dormant period, so that new branches will sprout again, flower buds will form in the same year, and flowers and fruits will bloom in the second year. Fire shearing will be performed every two years to maintain strong branches and fruits.
② Stubble pruning: before spring buds, stub the above-ground parts from the base of the plant and saw them off. The sawed branches are kept in the orchard to cover the soil and increase organic matter.
Harvesting: 
The fruit maturity period of lowbush blueberries is relatively uniform, and the early-ripening fruits are not easy to fall off, so they can be harvested together after all the fruits are ripe. After the fruits are harvested, remove the dead branches, fallen leaves, stones and other debris and put them into containers. The fruit maturity period of highbush blueberries is inconsistent, and generally the harvesting takes 20 to 30 days, usually once a week. The fruits should be picked manually when eaten fresh, and can be harvested mechanically for processing.